The World Health Organization (WHO) through its funding partners Gavi, and UNICEF, amongst others are galvanizing efforts to increase the supply of insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs) for malaria prevention.
This was revealed by the World Health Organization Regional Director for Africa Dr. Matshidiso Moeti represented by Dr. Walter Mulombo Nigeria’s Country representative at a press conference to commemorate this year’s World Malaria Day in Abuja.
Speaking on the theme “Time to deliver zero malaria: invest, innovate, implement.” Dr. Walter said it’s a day set to rapidly call for the possibility of ensuring the protection of children and the most vulnerable, thus reinforcing the need for children to sleep under ITNs every night to save lives.
“Malaria has been a stubborn public health enemy. In 2021 it killed 619 000 people, of whom approximately 96% lived in Africa. It is 6-20 times more likely to spread in mosquito-prone environments than the Omicron variant of sars-cov-2.
“The disease was once endemic across most of the world, sweeping through the Americas in the 1600s and reaching as far north as the Arctic coast and east as Japan. But we can now save millions of lives each year from sickness and death caused by malaria following novel progress toward the disease’s elimination.
“Concerted efforts yield positive results. In 2021, because of the joint actions by malaria-affected countries and partners, malaria deaths decreased compared to 2020 despite the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic.
“In addition, the first malaria vaccine recommended by WHO to prevent malaria in children (also known as RTS, S) is saving lives. In Ghana, Kenya, and Malawi, where nearly 1.5 million children have received the vaccine through a WHO-coordinated pilot program, there is a substantial decrease in hospitalizations for severe malaria and a drop in child deaths. At least 28 countries in Africa have expressed interest in introducing the vaccine, with some additional countries to start in early 2024. The unprecedented demand for the first malaria vaccine is considered an opportunity to bring children back to clinics to catch up on missed vaccines and child health interventions – including reinforcing the need for children to sleep under ITNs every night. It is critically important to deliver this vaccine to children at risk: WHO, Gavi, UNICEF, and other partners are working to increase supply as rapidly as possible to protect more vulnerable children and save more lives.
“Overall, in terms of reduction in malaria incidence, eight countries are on track to meet the 2025 Global Technical Strategy target (Cabo Verde, Ethiopia, the Gambia, Ghana, Mauritania, Rwanda, South Africa, and Zimbabwe). But 15 countries achieved insufficient reduction while 20
have witnessed stagnation or an increase in cases. Ten countries saw increases in malaria deaths. The pace of progress must be accelerated if we want to achieve the set targets for 2025 and 2030.”
WHO country representative while congratulating Member States and development partners for past achievements expressed concern about the devastating effect of malaria deaths saying the region has witnessed an increase since 2015, thus calling for the scaling up of investment, innovation, and implementation to accelerate gain.
“The WHO African Region alone accounted, in 2021, for estimated 234 million malaria cases and 593 000 deaths, thus bearing the heaviest burden of over 95% of cases and 96% of deaths globally. Our Region, therefore, continues to be hardest hit by this deadly disease partly because too many people do not have access to preventive and curative interventions. Nearly 30% of the population in most African countries cannot access essential health services, and most people face unacceptably high expenditures on health care. Significant inequities affect the most vulnerable, young children and women, whereas about 80% of malaria cases and deaths occur in children under five.
“On investments, we are responsible for increasing funding for malaria interventions through primary health care approaches so that malaria services are accessed by the most vulnerable populations wherever they are. In 2021, endemic countries and partners mobilized only 50% of the estimated US$ 7.3 billion required globally to stay on track to defeat malaria. We, therefore, call on our Member States to keep malaria high on their agendas as they allocate resources to health.
“On innovation, there is a great need to increase the number and efficacy of control tools and strategies so that interventions can have a greater impact. In this light, WHO recently prequalified new dual active ingredient insecticide-treated nets and several insecticides for indoor residual spraying. The new RTS, S vaccine deployment has been extended beyond the three initial countries and several other innovative products are in the pipeline. New tools and strategies are needed to address the threats of drug resistance, insecticide resistance, and new invasive vectors compromising gains in vector control. In this regard, we recently launched two strategies to support countries in the African continent as they work to build a more resilient response to malaria: (1) A strategy to curb antimalarial drug resistance and (2) an initiative to stop the spread of the new invasive Anopheles stephensi malaria vector – a dangerous vector that breeds in urban areas and has the potential of increasing transmission. Fighting against malaria vectors will require multisectoral actions and the involvement of decentralized administrative units and communities to sustain behavioral change and uptake of these tools. A new global framework to respond to malaria in urban areas, developed jointly by WHO and UN-Habitat guides city leaders and stakeholders. Meanwhile, a robust research and development pipeline is set to bring a new generation of malaria control tools that could help accelerate progress toward global targets.
“Finally, on implementation. We’ll prioritize this segment as part of the 2023 campaign, and the critical importance of reaching marginalized populations with the available tools and strategies to reduce transmission for present and future gains. Malaria programs should be decentralized to the district and community levels where health systems are closest to the affected populations. We must empower frontline health workers and communities to participate fully in identifying key barriers in accessing services, ensure effective implementation of malaria control strategies and hold their leaders accountable for health outcomes.”
This year marks the 16th World Malaria Day as it is celebrated every 25th of April aimed at taking appropriate measures to access progress with renewed political commitments on investments in malaria treatment, prevention, and control while examining its impact on people’s lives and economic development.
